Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

[muhammadmohsinali]

Corruption around the world remains a deeply entrenched, global concern according to Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) - the world's most credible measure of of domestic, public sector corruption. This year, two thirds of countries covered by the index were given scores less than 5 - which means they are considered significantly corrupt.The CPI scores countries on a scale of zero to 10, with zero indicating high levels of corruption and 10, low levels. And the most corrupt places in the world are not the most surprising. Unstable governments, often with a legacy of conflict, continue to dominate the bottom rungs of the CPI. Afghanistan and Myanmar share second to last place with a score of 1.5, with Somalia and North Korea - measured for the first time - coming in last with a score of 1.The world's most peaceful countries score the best. In the 2011 CPI, New Zealand is top with a score of 9.5, followed by Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Singapore. Four countries and territories besides North Korea are included for the first time: the Bahamas, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, and Suriname. Transparency International (TI) chair Huguette Labelle says corruption remains a major global issue, highlighted by widespread demonstrations in 2011: "This year we have seen corruption on protestor's banners be they rich or poor. Whether in a Europe hit by debt crisis or an Arab world starting a new political era, leaders must head the demands for better government."Wealth seems no easy antidote to corruption: some relatively rich countries, including Russia, fall at the bottom of the global league table. Meanwhile, some of the world's poorer states do comparatively well: Botswana, Bhutan, Cape Verde, and Rwanda all appear among the 50 "cleanest" countries.While the index has been published annually since 1995, TI warns against comparing scores over time, as sources for the index change each year. However, the Berlin-based NGO notes that two general trends pop out regardless: Arab Spring countries, and many Eurozone countries – particularly those affected by the financial crisis – are doing worse and worse.Most Arab Spring countries rank in the lower half of the index, with scores below 4. Many of the lowest-scoring European countries are those hardest hit by the financial and debt crises – including Greece and Italy.The UK ranks 16th, along with Austria and the Barbados, and just ahead of Belgium and Ireland. The US ranks 24th. Pakistan ranks 134th.The Index, which is closely watched by investors, economists, and civil society campaigners, is based on expert assessments and data from 17 surveys from 13 independent institutions, covering issues such as access to information, bribery of public officials, kickbacks in public procurement, and the enforcement of anti-corruption laws. While critics note that measuring perceptions of corruption is not the same as measuring corruption itself, the latter is almost impossible to do - as the corrupt are usually keen to cover up their tracks, hard data on graft and bribery is notoriously difficult to come by.Full table and rankingsThe Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries/territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country/territory’s score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 - 10, where 0 means that a country is perceived as highly corrupt and 10 means that a country is perceived as very clean. A country's rank indicates its position relative to the other countries/territories included in the index.Data summaryTransparency international world corruption index (1=least corrupt)2011 rank Country CPI 2011 CPI 2010 CPI 2009 CPI 2008 1 New Zealand 9.5 9.3 9.4 9.32 Denmark 9.4 9.3 9.3 9.32 Finland 9.4 9.2 8.9 94 Sweden 9.3 9.2 9.2 9.35 Singapore 9.2 9.3 9.2 9.26 Norway 9 8.6 8.6 7.97 Netherlands 8.9 8.8 8.9 8.98 Switzerland 8.8 8.7 9 98 Australia 8.8 8.7 8.7 8.710 Canada 8.7 8.9 8.7 8.711 Luxembourg 8.5 8.5 8.2 8.312 Hong Kong 8.4 8.4 8.2 8.113 Iceland 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.914 Germany 8 7.9 8 7.914 Japan 8 7.8 7.7 7.316 Austria 7.8 7.9 7.9 8.116 Barbados 7.8 7.8 7.4 716 United Kingdom 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.719 Ireland 7.5 8 8 7.719 Belgium 7.5 7.1 7.1 7.321 Bahamas 7.3 22 Qatar 7.2 7.7 7 6.522 Chile 7.2 7.2 6.7 6.924 United States 7.1 7.1 7.5 7.325 Uruguay 7 6.9 6.7 6.925 France 7 6.8 6.9 6.925 Saint Lucia 7 28 United Arab Emirates 6.8 6.3 6.5 5.929 Estonia 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.630 Cyprus 6.3 6.3 6.6 6.431 Spain 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.532 Portugal 6.1 6 5.8 6.132 Botswana 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.832 Taiwan 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.735 Slovenia 5.9 6.4 6.6 6.736 Israel 5.8 6.1 6.1 636 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5.8 38 Bhutan 5.7 5.7 5 5.239 Puerto Rico 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.839 Malta 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.841 Poland 5.5 5.3 5 4.641 Cape Verde 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.143 Korea (South) 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.644 Brunei 5.2 5.5 5.5 044 Dominica 5.2 5.2 5.9 646 Mauritius 5.1 5.4 5.4 5.546 Macau 5.1 5 5.3 5.446 Bahrain 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.449 Rwanda 5 4 3.3 350 Costa Rica 4.8 5.3 5.3 5.150 Oman 4.8 5.3 5.5 5.550 Lithuania 4.8 5 4.9 4.650 Seychelles 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.854 Hungary 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.154 Kuwait 4.6 4.5 4.1 4.356 Jordan 4.5 4.7 5 5.157 Saudi Arabia 4.4 4.7 4.3 3.557 Czech Republic 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.257 Namibia 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.560 Malaysia 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.161 Turkey 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.661 Latvia 4.2 4.3 4.5 561 Cuba 4.2 3.7 4.4 4.364 South Africa 4.1 4.5 4.7 4.964 Georgia 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.966 Slovakia 4 4.3 4.5 566 Croatia 4 4.1 4.1 4.466 Montenegro 4 3.7 3.9 3.469 Ghana 3.9 4.1 3.9 3.969 Samoa 3.9 4.1 4.5 4.469 Macedonia, FYR 3.9 4.1 3.8 3.669 Italy 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.873 Tunisia 3.8 4.3 4.2 4.473 Brazil 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.575 Romania 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.875 China 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.677 Vanuatu 3.5 3.6 3.2 2.977 Lesotho 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.277 Gambia 3.5 3.2 2.9 1.980 El Salvador 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.980 Thailand 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.580 Peru 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.680 Greece 3.4 3.5 3.8 4.780 Colombia 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.880 Morocco 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.586 Panama 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.486 Bulgaria 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.686 Serbia 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.486 Jamaica 3.3 3.3 3 3.186 Sri Lanka 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.291 Trinidad and Tobago 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.691 Liberia 3.2 3.3 3.1 2.491 Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.2 3.2 3 3.291 Zambia 3.2 3 3 2.895 Albania 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.495 India 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.495 Kiribati 3.1 3.2 2.8 3.195 Swaziland 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.695 Tonga 3.1 3 3 2.4100 Malawi 3 3.4 3.3 2.8100 Djibouti 3 3.2 2.8 3100 Mexico 3 3.1 3.3 3.6100 Burkina Faso 3 3.1 3.6 3.5100 Sao Tome & Principe 3 3 2.8 2.7100 Argentina 3 2.9 2.9 2.9100 Benin 3 2.8 2.9 3.1100 Gabon 3 2.8 2.9 3.1100 Indonesia 3 2.8 2.8 2.6100 Tanzania 3 2.7 2.6 3100 Madagascar 3 2.6 3 3.4100 Suriname 3 112 Egypt 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.8112 Senegal 2.9 2.9 3 3.4112 Moldova 2.9 2.9 3.3 2.9112 Algeria 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.2112 Kosovo 2.9 2.8 0 0112 Vietnam 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7118 Bolivia 2.8 2.8 2.7 3118 Mali 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.1120 Guatemala 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.1120 Kazakhstan 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.2120 Solomon Islands 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9120 Mongolia 2.7 2.7 2.7 3120 Mozambique 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.6120 Ethiopia 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6120 Ecuador 2.7 2.5 2.2 2120 Bangladesh 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.1120 Iran 2.7 2.2 1.8 2.3129 Dominican Republic 2.6 3 3 3129 Armenia 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.9129 Syria 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.1129 Honduras 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.6129 Philippines 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3134 Guyana 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.6134 Eritrea 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6134 Niger 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.8134 Lebanon 2.5 2.5 2.5 3134 Nicaragua 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5134 Sierra Leone 2.5 2.4 2.2 1.9134 Pakistan 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.5134 Maldives 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.8134 Cameroon 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.3143 Timor-Leste 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.2143 Belarus 2.4 2.5 2.4 2143 Uganda 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6143 Azerbaijan 2.4 2.4 2.3 1.9143 Togo 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.7143 Nigeria 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.7143 Mauritania 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.8143 Comoros 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.5143 Russia 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.1152 Ukraine 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.5152 Tajikistan 2.3 2.1 2 2154 Zimbabwe 2.2 2.4 2.2 1.8154 Nepal 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.7154 Paraguay 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.4154 Côte d´Ivoire 2.2 2.2 2.1 2154 Congo Republic 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.9154 Papua New Guinea 2.2 2.1 2.1 2154 Guinea-Bissau 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.9154 Central African Republic 2.2 2.1 2 2154 Laos 2.2 2.1 2 2154 Kenya 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1164 Yemen 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.3164 Cambodia 2.1 2.1 2 1.8164 Guinea 2.1 2 1.8 1.6164 Kyrgyzstan 2.1 2 1.9 1.8168 Libya 2 2.2 2.5 2.6168 Congo, Dem Rep 2 2 1.9 1.7168 Angola 2 1.9 1.9 1.9168 Chad 2 1.7 1.6 1.6172 Venezuela 1.9 2 1.9 1.9172 Equatorial Guinea 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7172 Burundi 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9175 Haiti 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.4175 Iraq 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.3177 Sudan 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6177 Turkmenistan 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8177 Uzbekistan 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8180 Myanmar 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3180 Afghanistan 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5182 Somalia 1 1.1 1.1 1182 Korea (North) 1

[usman1983]

agar zardari sahib muddat puri kar gye to we shall b at the top from the bottom